This penultimate unit introduces data reporting as a key academic function. In work contexts, this function is often seen as descriptive whereas in academic contexts it is persuasive. Writers use data selectively to support the viewpoint they want to express. In effect data reports are simple arguments with general claims about what the data shows supported with evidence selected from the data. There may be interpretations of the data if the writers have enough background knowledge to do this or if relationships in the data can be used to support the interpretation. Academic research involves designing studies to collect data which can support or refute claims. Academics value arguments based on empirical evidence (i.e. data) more than arguments based on personal stories (anecdotes).
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EAP Essentials 